[Cyclooxigenase-1 gene polymorphism and aspirin resistance].

The literature data concerning structure of cyclo-oxigenase-1--the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis and the main target of anti-platelet therapy with the use of acetylsalicilic acid are presented in the review. The data on cyclooxigenase-1 gene polymorphism, distribution of the revealed variants in various populations and their possible correlation with biochemical and functional aspirin resistance are presented.

[Serotonin receptors blocker ketanserin in the combined therapy of patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. / Primenenie blokatora serotoninovykh retseptorov ketanserina v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh khronicheskim obstruktibnym bronkhitom.

The addition of ketanserin (a blocker of serotonin S2-receptors) to treatment of bronchial obstruction is shown to lower plasma and platelet concentrations of serotonin, leukotriene B4 level in the lavage fluid, to shift prostacyclin-thromboxane balance to the side of prostacyclin. In 40 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis treated, the above changes were associated with persistent clinical response, a decrease of bronchial obstruction, being the most profound in a group of patients with chronic catarrhal bronchitis.

[Effect of ketotifen on the eicosanoid system, immunoreactivity and bronchial patency in patients with obstructive pulmonary diseases]. / Vliianie ketotifena na sistemu éikozanoidov, immunologicheskuiu reaktivnost' i bronkhial'nuiu prokhodimost' u bol'nykh s obstruktivnymi zabolevaniiami legkikh.

A study was made of the effect of ketotifen on the concentration of leukotriene B4, prostacyclin and thromboxane A2 in the liquid of bronchoalveolar lavage and on external respiration and cellular immunity during 4 weeks of the treatment of patients with infection-dependent bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive bronchitis. Inclusion of ketotifen into the treatment of patients with bronchial obstruction exerts a stimulating action on the suppressor component of T-cell immunity, leads to a decrease of the content of leukotriene B4 and thromboxane A2 in the lavage liquid, which is accompanied by positive shifts in the clinical course of the broncho-obstructive syndrome. Ketotifen turned out most effective in patients with an initially low content of the subpopulation of T suppressors and with high concentrations of leukotriene B4 and thromboxane A2 in the liquid of bronchoalveolar lavage.

[The leukotriene B4 content of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the function of the prostacyclin-thromboxane system in patients with variants of chronic bronchitis]. / Soderzhanie leikotriena B4 v zhidkosti bronkhoal'veoliarnogo lavazha i sostoianie prostatsiklintromboksanovoi sistemy u bol'nykh s razlichnymi variantami khronicheskogo bronkhita.

A study was made of the content of leukotriene B4, prostacycline and thromboxane A2 in the fluid of bronchoalveolar lavage in 62 patients with chronic bronchitis (CB) in the stage of exacerbation and remission. The time course of changes in the concentration of the eukosanoids was compared with the status of pulmonary local defense factors and cellular immunity. In catarrhal obstructive bronchitis, an important mechanism of a steady maintenance of bronchial obstruction involved a rise of the content of leukotriene B4 whereas in purulent obstructive bronchitis, it was an excess level of thromboxane A2. It is assumed that immunologically dependent activation of the leukotriene B4 and thromboxane synthetase capacity of alveolar macrophages may stipulate the clinical course of CB, modulating the bronchoconstrictor or inflammatory component of the disease. To correct phlogogenous function of alveolar macrophages, the use of immunomodulating therapy with a selective action on the suppressor component of immunity is desirable.